Synthesis of n-butyl acetate
Raw materials and preparation
To synthesize n-butyl acetate, it is necessary to prepare acetic acid, n-butanol, concentrated sulfuric acid and other raw materials, as well as flasks, condensers, water separators and other utensils. Wash and dry the flask to ensure that there are no water stains and impurities, so as not to affect the reaction.

Reaction process
In a clean flask, pour acetic acid and n-butanol in a certain proportion, and slowly add concentrated sulfuric acid as a catalyst. This process needs to be handled with caution, because concentrated sulfuric acid is highly corrosive. After adding, shake well to mix the ingredients evenly. After that, connect the condenser and the water separator to build a reaction device. Heat the flask over low heat to slowly heat up the mixture. During the reaction, pay close attention to the temperature change, and control the temperature within a suitable range to promote the positive progress of the reaction. At the same time, observe the condition in the water separator, and separate the generated water in time to improve the yield of n-butyl acetate.

The product is purified
After the reaction is completed, the mixture is cooled and transferred to the separation funnel. First wash with an appropriate amount of saturated sodium carbonate solution to neutralize the unreacted acetic acid and remove impurities such as sulfuric acid. At this time, the phenomenon of stratification can be seen, with the upper layer being the organic phase and the lower layer being the aqueous phase. Carefully separate the two layers of liquid and discard the aqueous phase. Then wash the organic phase with saturated salt water and distilled water in turn to further remove impurities. Subsequently, the organic phase is transferred to a dry conical flask, anhydrous magnesium sulfate is added to dry, and left to stand for a while to remove residual moisture. Finally, through distillation operation, the fractions in a specific temperature range are collected to obtain pure n-butyl acetate.

Synthesis of n-butyl acetate requires rigorous operation and attention to detail to obtain satisfactory yield and purity.