The saponification of sodium hydroxide and ethyl acetate

The principle of saponification is related to chemical changes. Sodium hydroxide ($NaOH $) combines with ethyl acetate ($CH_3COOC_2H_5 $), and the change is also wonderful.

The two meet, the hydroxide of sodium hydroxide ($OH ^ - $) is the carbonyl of ethyl acetate ($C = O $). The structure of ethyl acetate, carbonyl even ethoxy ($OC_2H_5 $) and methyl ($CH_3 $). The hydroxide attacks the carbonyl group, causing the ethoxy group to leave, resulting in acetic acid ($CH_3COOH $) and ethanol ($C_2H_5OH $). However, there is sodium hydroxide in the system, and acetic acid reacts with it to form sodium acetate ($CH_3COONa $).

The chemical reaction equation is as follows:
$CH_3COOC_2H_5 + NaOH\ longrightarrow CH_3COONa + C_2H_5OH $

This reaction is also often carried out in solution. Temperature and concentration are related to the speed of the reaction. When the temperature increases, the molecular energy increases, the collision frequency and effective collision rate increase, and the reaction accelerates. Increase the concentration of the reactants, the molecular spacing shrinks, and the chance of collision increases, which also promotes the progress of the reaction.

The saponification process can be measured by various methods. For example, the conductivity of the solution can be measured, and the conductivity varies depending on the type and concentration of ions in the reaction, so the progress of the reaction can be known. Another example is acid-base titration, which measures the amount of alkali in the reaction system and deduces the degree of reaction.

This change of saponification is of great use in chemical, daily chemical and other industries. The art of soap making depends on this to make good soap. And in organic synthesis, one of the key methods, it can inspire the system of new things and turn decay into magic. With the advancement of science and the rise of industry, it has made great contributions.