Taking the reaction between ethyl acetate and magnesium methyl bromide as an example, the chemical process

There is ethyl acetate (Ethyl Acetate), and when it encounters magnesium methyl bromide ($CH_3MgBr $), the two are combined. The mechanism of the reaction is complicated, which is an important chapter in organic chemistry.

Ethyl acetate has the general nature of esters, and the structure contains acyl groups and ethoxy groups. Methyl magnesium bromide, a Nege's reagent, is active in nature. The magnesium atom and the bromine atom are connected by ionic bonds, while the carbon-magnesium bond has strong polarity, and the carbon is partially negatively charged and nucleophilic.

When the two meet, the methyl negative ion of magnesium methyl bromide ($CH_3 ^ - $) acts as a nucleophilic reagent to attack the carbonyl carbon of ethyl acetate. The carbonyl carbon has a partial positive charge. Due to the attack of the methyl negative ion, the electron cloud rearranges, and the carbonyl double bond opens, forming an intermediate transition state. This transition state is unstable, and the ethoxyl group leaves to form a ketone intermediate product.

Then the reaction continues, and the resulting ketone reacts with magnesium methyl bromide. The methyl negative ion attacks the carbonyl carbon of the ketone again, forming a new transition state. After hydrolysis, the corresponding alcohol compound is finally formed.

This reaction series is widely used in organic synthesis. It can be used to prepare various complex alcohols by combining different esters and Grignard reagents. It is an important synthesis path in organic chemistry. The control of the reaction conditions and the stability of the intermediate products are all key points that chemists study to achieve the purpose of precise synthesis.