Description of the manufacturing process of ethyl acetate
The rise of the industry and the production of ethyl acetate are related to the importance of chemical industry. Today's detailed discussion of its manufacturing process is as follows.

First, the selection of raw materials
The preparation of ethyl acetate, the commonly used raw materials are acetic acid and ethanol. The sources of the two are wide. Acetic acid can be derived from the petrochemical path and obtained from the oxidation of ethylene through a series of reactions; ethanol is mostly produced by grain fermentation or ethylene hydration. The purity of raw materials is related to the quality of the product, so it needs to be carefully screened to remove impurities and maintain purity, which is the foundation for subsequent reactions.

Second, the reaction principle
The main reaction is the esterification reaction of acetic acid and ethanol under the action of the catalyst. The formula is: $CH_3COOH + C_2H_5OH\ underset {\ lower {3pt} {\ text {heating, catalyst}}} {\ overset {} {\ rightleftharpoons}} CH_3COOC_2H_5 + H_2O $. This is a reversible reaction. To increase the yield, it is necessary to follow the principle of chemical equilibrium, or increase the amount of reactants, or decrease the amount of products.

Third, the catalyst uses
sulfuric acid as a traditional catalyst, and its strong acidity can promote the reaction rate. However, it also has drawbacks, such as corrosion equipment, and there are many side reactions. Therefore, new catalysts, such as solid acid catalysts, are also developed today, which are easy to separate and have little corrosiveness, which can ensure efficient reaction and non-destructive equipment.

Fourth, the reaction process
1. ** Mixing **: According to a certain ratio, acetic acid, ethanol are precisely mixed with the catalyst to make the reactants fully contact and prepare for the reaction.
2. ** Reaction **: Enter the reactor and control the temperature within a suitable range, generally around 110-120 ° C. If the temperature is too high, the side reaction will increase; if it is too low, the reaction rate will be slow. At the same time, the pressure is adjusted to ensure the stability of the reaction.
3. ** Separation **: After the reaction is completed, the mixture contains ethyl acetate, unreacted acetic acid and ethanol, water and catalyst. First, ethyl acetate is initially separated by distillation according to the difference in boiling point. Then by extraction, distillation and other methods, impurities are removed and purified to obtain high-purity ethyl acetate.

5. Process optimization
In order to make the production of ethyl acetate more efficient and environmentally friendly, it is often optimized from multiple aspects. Such as changing the reaction equipment to increase the efficiency of mass transfer and heat transfer; developing new catalysts to improve selectivity and activity; setting up a circulation system to recover unreacted raw materials, reduce costs and reduce emissions.

In summary, the ethyl acetate manufacturing process requires fine control of all aspects, from raw materials to finished products, in accordance with chemical principles and the power of science and technology, in order to achieve efficient and high-quality production.